Treatment of Hypernatremia in Breastfeeding Neonates: A Systematic Review

Background/Aims: Hypernatremic dehydration in term neonates is associated with inadequate fluid intake, usually related to insufficient lactation. The use of hypotonic fluids is appropriate to dilute serum sodium (SNa), but cerebral edema may develop when it happens abruptly. Our objective was to clarify how to correct hypernatremic dehydration properly. Methods: The following databases were searched, limited to studies published until January 31st, 2016: Clinical Trials, MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, and the Cochrane Library. We included open-label trials, nonrandomized controlled trials, or prospective and retrospective Received: October 17, 2016 Accepted: December 6, 2016 Published online: January 27, 2017 Prof. Clarissa Gutierrez Carvalho, Departamento de Pediatria Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Largo Eduardo Zaccaro Faraco Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903 (Brazil) E-Mail cgcarvalho @ hcpa.edu.br www.karger.com/bmh This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND) (http://www.karger.com/Services/OpenAccessLicense). Usage and distribution for commercial purposes as well as any distribution of modified material requires written permission.